The Return to the Moon: A New Era of Lunar Exploration

The United States is taking a significant leap towards space exploration by embarking on a return to the Moon. On January 8, the United Launch Alliance’s Vulcan rocket successfully launched a lunar lander called Peregrine from the commercial company Astrobotic. What makes this mission even more intriguing is the inclusion of five science payloads from NASA, which are designed to collect vital lunar data. This marks a significant milestone as these payloads are the first NASA instruments to be ferried to the Moon since the Apollo era ended over 50 years ago in 1972.

The launch of Peregrine and its payloads marks the initiation of NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program. This program signifies NASA’s collaboration with commercial companies to transport science instruments to the Moon and test space exploration technology. The success of this partnership opens new doors for innovation and exploration beyond NASA’s traditional methods. According to Science Mission Directorate associate administrator Nicola Fox, CLPS is an innovative way of leveraging American companies to gather important science and technology payloads, providing unparalleled opportunities for scientific discovery and advancements in our understanding of the solar system.

Peregrine is slated to land in a region called Sinus Viscositatis, also known as the Bay of Stickiness. Onboard the lander are five science payloads with the objective of sampling and testing various lunar environmental characteristics. Each payload serves a unique purpose and contributes to the greater goal of unraveling the mysteries of the Moon.

The Linear Energy Transfer Spectrometer (LETS) will measure radiation levels on the lunar surface, providing crucial data for future manned missions and the establishment of lunar habitats. The Near-Infrared Volatile Spectrometer System (NIRVSS) will study the composition, temperature, and structure of the lunar soil, shedding light on its geological history and potential resource utilization. The Neutron Spectrometer System (NSS) has the vital task of searching for water on the Moon, as the presence of water would greatly enhance future lunar missions. The Peregrine Ion-Trap Mass Spectrometer (PITMS) will analyze ions in the lunar atmosphere, allowing scientists to better understand the Moon’s exosphere and its interactions with the space environment. Lastly, the Laser Retroreflector Array (LRA) will serve as a permanent location marker, facilitating precise measurements of the Moon’s position for years to come.

Apart from the NASA payloads, Astrobotic’s Peregrine lander will also transport additional scientific equipment, including two rovers from the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and Carnegie Mellon University students. These rovers will enable detailed surface exploration and enhance our understanding of the lunar terrain. Additionally, a radiation detector from DLR will aid in the assessment of radiation levels on the Moon, ensuring the safety of future missions.

Interestingly, there are several non-scientific payloads aboard the lander. These include time capsules, artwork, a collection of short stories, and even a Bitcoin. However, the inclusion of cremated human remains has stirred controversy. The Navajo Nation, a Native American tribe, raised objections to this practice on spiritual grounds. In an official statement, Navajo Nation Buu Nygren expressed deep concern, stating that the placement of human remains on the Moon is a desecration of this celestial body, which is revered by their people. The controversy prompted discussions between Navajo Nation representatives, NASA, and the White House, wherein both NASA and the White House apologized for the lack of consultation.

Despite the controversy surrounding the inclusion of human remains, the launch proceeded as scheduled. It sets in motion a promising future for lunar exploration and scientific discovery. The successful deployment of the Vulcan rocket and Peregrine lander signifies the beginning of a new era in space exploration, one that involves collaboration between governmental agencies and commercial entities. The return to the Moon brings us closer to understanding our solar system’s past, present, and potentially even our future beyond Earth.

The launch of the United Launch Alliance’s Vulcan rocket carrying Astrobotic’s Peregrine lander and NASA’s science payloads paves the way for an exciting chapter in lunar exploration and research. NASA’s CLPS program represents an innovative approach to space exploration, leveraging the capabilities of commercial companies to expand our scientific knowledge. As Peregrine touches down on the Moon’s surface, we eagerly anticipate the data it will provide and the contributions it will make towards unlocking the secrets of our celestial neighbor. The Moon holds immense scientific potential, and with each step we take towards better understanding it, we gain valuable insights that will shape future space missions and humanity’s exploration of the cosmos.