The Exciting Reentry of Varda Space Industries’ W-1 Space Capsule

Witnessing the return of a spacecraft to Earth is a thrilling experience, especially when it involves a small and cozy capsule like Varda Space Industries’ W-1 spacecraft. The successful landing of this spacecraft at the Utah Test and Training Range on February 21, 2024, provided a front row seat to the entire reentry sequence. A camera installed inside the 90 cm-wide capsule captured the breathtaking moments from separation from the satellite bus in low Earth orbit (LEO) to the fiery reentry through Earth’s atmosphere, followed by parachute deploy and a bouncy landing. Not only was there video footage, but also sound recording, giving viewers a truly immersive experience.

The W-1 spacecraft was part of a Rocket Lab Photon spacecraft that was launched in June 2023 on SpaceX’s Transporter-8 rideshare mission, which also carried NASA’s CAPSTONE mission. Varda Space Industries utilized the spacecraft to test their in-space manufacturing technologies, particularly in the production of crystals of a drug called ritonavir. This antiviral drug, grown in the microgravity LEO environment, has the potential to treat HIV and hepatitis C, showcasing the possibilities of manufacturing pharmaceuticals in space. Varda’s CEO, Will Bruey, highlighted the significance of removing gravity in the production process, likening it to adjusting a temperature knob on an oven to create new recipes and food items. Similarly, changing gravity can lead to innovative drug formulations.

The W-1 capsule spent eight months integrated with the Rocket Lab Photon spacecraft, benefiting from power, propulsion, and navigation support from the upper stage of the Electron rocket. The mission was a remarkable achievement that demonstrated effective collaboration between the Rocket Lab and Varda teams in developing a highly capable spacecraft for in-space manufacturing. The successful reentry mission not only brought back the capsule and the pharmaceutical product but also laid the groundwork for potential human spaceflight missions with the development of reentry capsules for future endeavors. Rocketlab CEO Peter Beck commended the teamwork and success of the mission in a company press release.

Following the landing, Varda transported the capsule to its California headquarters for a thorough examination and sent the ritonavir samples onboard to a pharmaceutical company, Improved Pharma, for analysis. In addition, Varda committed to sharing reentry data with NASA and the Air Force under contract agreements, contributing valuable insights to the space agencies. The overall impact of the successful reentry of the W-1 spacecraft extends beyond the mission itself, opening up possibilities for further advancements in space technology and exploration.

The return of Varda Space Industries’ W-1 spacecraft through reentry was not just a momentous event in space history but also a stepping stone towards innovative pharmaceutical manufacturing and future space missions. The captivating journey from separation to landing showcased the immense potential of in-space technology and collaboration between industry leaders. As we look towards the stars, the successful reentry of the W-1 capsule serves as a beacon of inspiration for future generations of space explorers and innovators.